{"id":11699,"date":"2020-01-08T16:29:16","date_gmt":"2020-01-08T21:29:16","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.highpoint.edu\/library\/?p=11699"},"modified":"2025-10-14T09:10:58","modified_gmt":"2025-10-14T13:10:58","slug":"apa-style-gets-a-makeover-after-a-decade-whats-new-in-the-7th-edition","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.highpoint.edu\/library\/2020\/01\/08\/apa-style-gets-a-makeover-after-a-decade-whats-new-in-the-7th-edition\/","title":{"rendered":"APA Style Gets a Makeover After a Decade: What\u2019s New in the 7th Edition"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignleft wp-image-11702\" src=\"https:\/\/www.highpoint.edu\/library\/files\/2021\/04\/APA-manual-e1599161837957.jpg\" alt=\"APA manual e1599161837957\" width=\"214\" height=\"262\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.highpoint.edu\/library\/files\/2021\/04\/APA-manual-e1599161837957.jpg 250w, https:\/\/www.highpoint.edu\/library\/files\/2021\/04\/APA-manual-e1599161837957-245x300.jpg 245w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 214px) 100vw, 214px\" \/>The American Psychological Association (APA) released the much-anticipated 7<sup>th<\/sup> edition of its style manual this month. After nearly a full decade of the previous edition\u2019s reign over academic writing in the social sciences, this announcement no doubt strikes fear in the hearts of many. Fortunately, it is far from a complete overhaul of the style recommendations. The changes are few and subtle, clarifying ambiguities and simplifying implementation for its users.<\/p>\n<p>Read on to learn about the most pertinent changes.<\/p>\n<h2><\/h2>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2><strong>1. Expanded Font Options<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p>Where the previous version required the use of 12 pt. Times New Roman font, writers now have both serif and sans serif options. Acceptable fonts now include:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>11 pt. Calibri<\/li>\n<li>11 pt. Arial<\/li>\n<li>10 pt. Lucida Sans Unicode<\/li>\n<li>12 pt. Times New Roman<\/li>\n<li>11 pt. Georgia<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>APA does advise scholars to be consistent with the font they choose.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2><\/h2>\n<h2><strong>2. Separate Guidelines for Student and Professional Papers <\/strong><\/h2>\n<p><strong>No more running head for students!<br \/>\n<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>APA recognizes in this edition that many of its users are university students not likely to submit manuscripts for publication in a scholarly journal. The organization offers simplified instructions tailored to this audience, omitting superfluous elements like the running head, abstract section and keywords for student papers. APA still requires a separate title page, however the paper title now appears in bold followed by an extra space. The remaining lines include not just the student\u2019s name and university, but also the department, course name and number, professor\u2019s name, and due date. <a href=\"https:\/\/apastyle.apa.org\/instructional-aids\/student-title-page-guide.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Click here<\/a> for the complete new student title page guidelines.<\/p>\n<p>Most of the differences between the \u201cstudent version\u201d and \u201cprofessional version\u201d of APA occur in the title page and front matter. Professional papers no longer require the words \u201cRunning head\u201d on the title page but still include a running head throughout. The <a href=\"https:\/\/apastyle.apa.org\/style-grammar-guidelines\/paper-format\/title-page\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">title page<\/a> requires more author information than before, as well as author affiliations and notes. An abstract and keywords guide is <a href=\"https:\/\/apastyle.apa.org\/instructional-aids\/abstract-keywords-guide.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">available online here<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<h2><strong>3. Simplified Heading Levels<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p>APA still specifies <a href=\"https:\/\/apastyle.apa.org\/style-grammar-guidelines\/paper-format\/headings\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">five levels of headings<\/a> for use throughout your paper (though it does not <em>require <\/em>any beyond the title). The title of the paper is now treated as a first level heading. The second level is unchanged, but the third is no longer indented. Levels four and five are indented and the text begins immediately following the heading. <strong>All<\/strong> headings are now bold and the title case, with each major word capitalized. You still do not need a heading for the introduction.<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<h2><strong>4. Streamlined In-text Citations<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p>In-text citation in APA style now allows for less repetition and greater flexibility. Citations still consist primarily of the authors\u2019 last names and publication year in parentheses. Students are now permitted to use the first author\u2019s last name followed by \u201cet al.\u201d for any source with three or more authors, even when citing for the first time in-text:<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong>6<sup>th<\/sup> edition: <\/strong>(Jones, <span style=\"text-decoration: line-through;\">Smith, &amp; Leery,<\/span> 2015)\u00a0\u00a0<\/span>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 vs\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0<span style=\"color: #339966;\">\u00a0<strong>7<sup>th<\/sup> edition: <\/strong>(Jones et al., 2015)<\/span><\/p>\n<p>The table below shows the appropriate in-text citation format for each type of citation in the new edition.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<div id=\"footable_parent_17712\"\n         class=\" footable_parent ninja_table_wrapper loading_ninja_table wp_table_data_press_parent semantic_ui \">\n                <table data-ninja_table_instance=\"ninja_table_instance_0\" data-footable_id=\"17712\" data-filter-delay=\"1000\" aria-label=\"In-Text Citations in APA Style (7th Edition) (Imported From Table Press)\"            id=\"footable_17712\"\n           data-unique_identifier=\"ninja_table_unique_id_3513689345_17712\"\n           class=\" foo-table ninja_footable foo_table_17712 ninja_table_unique_id_3513689345_17712 ui table  nt_type_legacy_table selectable striped vertical_centered  footable-paging-right ninja_table_pro\">\n                <colgroup>\n                            <col class=\"ninja_column_0 \">\n                            <col class=\"ninja_column_1 \">\n                            <col class=\"ninja_column_2 \">\n                    <\/colgroup>\n        <thead>\n<tr class=\"footable-header\">\n                                                        <th scope=\"col\"  class=\"ninja_column_0 ninja_clmn_nm_authortype \">AUTHOR TYPE<\/th><th scope=\"col\"  class=\"ninja_column_1 ninja_clmn_nm_parentheticalcitation \">PARENTHETICAL CITATION<\/th><th scope=\"col\"  class=\"ninja_column_2 ninja_clmn_nm_narrativecitation \">NARRATIVE CITATION<\/th><\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n\n        <tr data-row_id=\"1076\" class=\"ninja_table_row_0 nt_row_id_1076\">\n            <td><b>One author:<\/b><\/td><td>(Qubein, 2020)<\/td><td>Qubein (2020)<\/td>        <\/tr>\n            <tr data-row_id=\"1077\" class=\"ninja_table_row_1 nt_row_id_1077\">\n            <td><b>Two authors:<\/b><\/td><td>(Qubein &amp; Carroll, 2020)<\/td><td>Qubein and Carroll (2020)<\/td>        <\/tr>\n            <tr data-row_id=\"1078\" class=\"ninja_table_row_2 nt_row_id_1078\">\n            <td><b>Three or more authors:<\/b><\/td><td>(Qubein et al., 2020)<\/td><td>Qubein et al. (2020)<\/td>        <\/tr>\n            <tr data-row_id=\"1079\" class=\"ninja_table_row_3 nt_row_id_1079\">\n            <td><b>Group author (no abbreviation or date):<\/b><\/td><td>(Stanford University, n.d.)<\/td><td>Stanford University (n.d.)<\/td>        <\/tr>\n            <tr data-row_id=\"1080\" class=\"ninja_table_row_4 nt_row_id_1080\">\n            <td><b>Group author (with abbreviation)\nFirst citation:\nSubsequent citations:<\/b><\/td><td><b>Write out the first time only.<\/b>\n(High Point University [HPU], 2020)\n(HPU, 2020)<\/td><td><b>Write out the first time only:<\/b>\nHigh Point University (HPU, 2020)\nHPU (2020)<\/td>        <\/tr>\n            <tr data-row_id=\"1081\" class=\"ninja_table_row_5 nt_row_id_1081\">\n            <td><b>No author listed (use shortened version of title):<\/b><\/td><td><b>Book:<\/b> (<i>Leading Schools<\/i>, 2020)\n<b>Article:<\/b> (\"Leading Schools,\" 2020)<\/td><td><b>Book:<\/b> <i>Leading Schools<\/i> (2020)\n<b>Article:<\/b> \"Leading Schools\" (2020)<\/td>        <\/tr>\n            <tr data-row_id=\"1082\" class=\"ninja_table_row_6 nt_row_id_1082\">\n            <td><b>Personal communications (cite in-text only):<\/b><\/td><td>(N. Qubein, personal communication, May 5, 2019)<\/td><td>In a personal communication with N. Qubein (May 5, 2019)<\/td>        <\/tr>\n    <\/tbody><!--ninja_tobody_rendering_done-->\n    <\/table>\n    \n    \n    \n<\/div>\n\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Page numbers are now permissible for paraphrases as well as direct quotes, and additional source parts or locators can be used as well. For example, you can use &#8220;Slide 7&#8221; to point to content in a PowerPoint presentation, or add a timestamp (e.g., 1:20) to isolate a segment of a video or audio clip. Publication years no longer need repeating parenthetically after the first narrative citation unless necessary to distinguish two sources. Narrative content (phrases like \u201csee also\u201d) are also now allowed within citations.<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<h2><strong>5. Consistent Table &amp; Figure Formatting<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p>Guidelines for tables appear relatively unchanged except for the table numbers appearing now in bold font. Figures are now introduced the same way as tables, with the figure number and title going <em>above<\/em> the table (boldface as well) instead of below it. These are welcome changes as they standardize the presentation of tables and figures\u2014scholars no longer have to memorize a separate set of rules for each.\u00a0 Many <a href=\"https:\/\/apastyle.apa.org\/style-grammar-guidelines\/tables-figures\/sample-figures\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">sample figures<\/a> using the new setup are available on the APA Style Blog.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2><strong>6. <\/strong><strong>Four-Part &#8220;Formula&#8221; for Writing References<br \/>\n<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p>The new APA guidelines follow the lead of the 8<sup>th<\/sup> edition of MLA in that they focus less on source formats and more on general guidelines that can be applied to cite all sources, print or online. Rather than breaking citations down into nine parts, however, APA specifies only <strong>four<\/strong>, to be displayed in this order: (1) author, (2) date, (3) title, and (4) source. This does not actually differ from the way references are written following the previous edition\u2014rather it gives those writing references \u201cfrom scratch\u201d a way to better conceptualize them.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><strong>Four Elements of an APA Reference:<\/strong><\/p>\n<table style=\"height: 152px;\" width=\"313\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"195\">\n<h2 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong>1<\/strong><\/span><\/h2>\n<h3><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong>Author.<\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"195\">\n<h2 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"color: #0000ff;\"><strong>2<\/strong><\/span><\/h2>\n<h3><span style=\"color: #0000ff;\"><strong>(Date).<\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"195\">\n<h2 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"color: #339966;\"><strong>3<\/strong><\/span><\/h2>\n<h3><span style=\"color: #339966;\"><strong><em>Title.<\/em><\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"195\">\n<h2 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"color: #ff6600;\"><strong>4<\/strong><\/span><\/h2>\n<h3><span style=\"color: #ff6600;\"><strong>Source.<\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>The following example references are color coded so you can easily identify the four parts:<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-indent: -.5in\u201d;\"><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">Teo, T.<\/span> <span style=\"color: #0000ff;\">(2005). <\/span><span style=\"color: #008000;\"><em>The critique of psychology: From Kant to postcolonial theory.<\/em><\/span> <span style=\"color: #ff6600;\">Springer.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-indent: -.5in\u201d;\"><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">Grady, J. S., Her, M., Moreno, G., Perez, C., &amp; <\/span><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">Yelinek, J.<\/span> <span style=\"color: #0000ff;\">(2019).<\/span> <span style=\"color: #008000;\">Emotions in storybooks: A comparison of storybooks that represent groups in the United States.<\/span> <span style=\"color: #ff6600;\"><em>Psychology of Popular Media Culture<\/em>, <em>8<\/em>(3), 207\u2013217. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1037\/ppm0000185<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-indent: -.5in\u201d;\"><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">National Heart, Lung, &amp; Blood Institute.<\/span><span style=\"color: #0000ff;\"> (2011).<\/span> <span style=\"color: #008000;\">What is an arrhythmia?<\/span> <span style=\"color: #ff6600;\">http:\/\/www.nhlbi.nih.gov\/health\/health-topics\/topics\/arr\/<\/span><\/p>\n<p>While most of the changes to writing references affect the \u201csource\u201d element, there is one major change to the \u201cauthor\u201d element. In the 7<sup>th<\/sup> edition, up to 20 author names (as opposed to 7) are now listed at the beginning of a reference. APA justifies this change as giving full representation to even minor contributors as works in the social sciences rarely exceed this number of authors. The &#8220;date&#8221; and &#8220;title&#8221; elements remain unchanged.<\/p>\n<p>As you can see in the above examples, specific elements within the \u201csource\u201d part of the citations have undergone considerable changes, the most notable of which is the omission of the publisher location when referencing books or book chapters. Book chapters may also now be identified with a DOI.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2>7. Format DOIs as URLs<\/h2>\n<p>This brings us to another significant change: DOIs are now exclusively written as URLs instead of an alphanumeric string.<\/p>\n<p><strong>6<sup>th<\/sup> edition: <\/strong>doi:10.1037\/a0028240\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 vs \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<strong>7<sup>th<\/sup> edition: <\/strong>https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1037\/a0028240<\/p>\n<p>You can easily convert any DOI to a URL by sumply adding this prefix before the number: <span style=\"color: #000080;\">https:\/\/doi.org\/ <\/span><\/p>\n<p>URLs to library or subscription databases are now omitted as they are seldom accessible to the reader. You also no longer need the words &#8220;Retrieved from&#8221; to introduce a URL unless you are including a retrieval date. Just tack the URL onto the end of the reference and you are good to go!<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2><strong>8. <\/strong><strong>Guidelines for Citing Social Media Sources<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p>It is easy to apply these formulaic basics to cite all types of online formats not covered adequately in the previous editions. In the 7<sup>th<\/sup> edition, however, plentiful guidelines and examples are given for referencing social media posts, profiles, comments, etc.<\/p>\n<p>Below is an example format for a Twitter profile and for a tweet (color-coded according to the 4-part formula described previously):<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">Trump, D. J. [@realDonaldTrump].<\/span> <span style=\"color: #0000ff;\">(n.d.).<\/span> <span style=\"color: #339966;\"><i>Tweets <\/i>[Twitter profile].<\/span> <span style=\"color: #ff6600;\">Twitter. Retrieved January 3, 2020, from https:\/\/twitter.com\/realDonaldTrump<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">American Psychological Association [@APA_Style].<\/span> <span style=\"color: #0000ff;\">(2019, October 1).<\/span> <span style=\"color: #339966;\"><em>It&#8217;s finally here! Today we publish the 7th edition of the Publication Manual and launch a new APA Style website<\/em> [Tweet].<\/span> <span style=\"color: #ff6600;\">Twitter. https:\/\/twitter.com\/APA_Style\/status\/1179019738166501377<\/span><\/p>\n<p>Include the username in brackets after the author name, and include the first 20 words of a tweet or post as the title. (Notice the retrieval date is included in the first example because the profile page is likely to change over time, whereas an individual tweet is expected to remain static.)<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<h2><strong>9. Further Resources Abound!<br \/>\n<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p>As mentioned throughout this post, the <a href=\"https:\/\/apastyle.apa.org\/blog\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">new APA Style Blog<\/a> is already delivering on its promise; the number and quality of free online resources APA provides alongside its new edition is impressive. Particularly helpful are the student sample paper available in both <a href=\"https:\/\/apastyle.apa.org\/style-grammar-guidelines\/paper-format\/student-annotated.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">annotated PDF format<\/a> and downloadable as an <a href=\"https:\/\/apastyle.apa.org\/style-grammar-guidelines\/paper-format\/student-paper.docx\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">editable Word Document<\/a>. HPU Libraries is, of course, updating its own online <a href=\"https:\/\/guides.highpoint.edu\/apa\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Citation Guide<\/a> for the 7<sup>th<\/sup> edition along with the <a href=\"https:\/\/guides.highpoint.edu\/ld.php?content_id=51925515\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Quick Guide (printable PDF)<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>You can check out a library copy of the 7<sup>th<\/sup> edition of APA style at each of the three library locations. Majors in social science disciplines may want to pick up a personal copy. Print copies range from $25 to $50 and are available to purchase in paperback, hardback, or spiral-bound format. E-copies are available to purchase or rent by individuals only from <a href=\"https:\/\/www.vitalsource.com\/products\/publication-manual-of-the-american-psychological-v9781433832185\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">VitalSource<\/a> or <a href=\"https:\/\/redshelf.com\/book\/1281425\/publication-manual-of-the-american-psychological-association-1281425-9781433832185-american-psychological-association\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">RedShelf<\/a> (cost is $31.99). This means the library cannot offer eBook access to the style manual, but we do provide our own guides you can access online.<\/p>\n<p>Faculty considering adopting the new edition for use in a course can <a href=\"https:\/\/www.apa.org\/pubs\/books\/course\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">request a free review<\/a> copy directly from APA. As always, just ask us if you need help using or teaching the new APA rules!<\/p>\n<p><strong>-Blog post by Leanne Jernigan, Wanek Center Librarian<\/strong><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>The American Psychological Association (APA) released the much-anticipated 7th edition of its style manual this month. After nearly a full decade of the previous edition\u2019s reign over academic writing in the social sciences, this announcement no doubt strikes fear in the hearts of many. Fortunately, it is far from a complete overhaul of the style&#8230;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":62,"featured_media":11702,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_hpuaeo_plugin_post_data":"","_hpuaeo_plugin_meta_tags":"","footnotes":"","_links_to":"","_links_to_target":""},"categories":[8,10],"tags":[581,575,578],"class_list":["post-11699","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-library-research","category-students","tag-apa-7th-edition","tag-apa-style","tag-citation-guides"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v27.1 (Yoast SEO v27.1.1) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-premium-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>APA Style Gets a Makeover After a Decade: What\u2019s New in the 7th Edition - Library<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.highpoint.edu\/library\/2020\/01\/08\/apa-style-gets-a-makeover-after-a-decade-whats-new-in-the-7th-edition\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"APA Style Gets a Makeover After a Decade: What\u2019s New in the 7th Edition\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"The American Psychological Association (APA) released the much-anticipated 7th edition of its style manual this month. After nearly a full decade of the previous edition\u2019s reign over academic writing in the social sciences, this announcement no doubt strikes fear in the hearts of many. 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