Cervical cancer is a cancer that starts in the cervix, which, early on, may not exhibit any signs or symptoms. In advanced stages, it may cause abnormal vaginal bleeding or discharge. It is often caused by the human papillomavirus (HPV).
Cervical cancer is highly preventable in the United States because of screening tests and an HPV vaccination. When cervical cancer is found early, it is highly treatable and has high survival rates.
The two tests women can use to help prevent cervical cancer or catch it in its earliest and most treatable stages are the Pap test (or Pap smear) and the HPV test. Having these tests done at regular intervals beginning at age 21 is the most important thing you can do to prevent cervical cancer.
Besides regular screenings, other steps you can take to reduce your risk of developing cervical cancer are not smoking, using condoms during sex and limiting your number of sexual partners.